ActionAid Ireland demands that the world must act to avert Gaza famine now

Following the publication of the IPC snapshot on Gaza, ActionAid Ireland emphasises the urgent need for immediate international intervention. Despite weeks of desperate warnings, the long aid blockade in Gaza is pushing the already beleaguered population to a devastating human catastrophe. This entirely man-made crisis has been allowed to escalate to the horrifying point where the IPC says famine is not just possible but increasingly likely. 

Karol Balfe, ActionAid Ireland CEO said: “Today’s damning announcement that the entire Gaza strip is at high risk of collapsing into famine is a stain on humanity’s conscience, yet it comes as little surprise amid the Israeli authorities’ ongoing and deliberate refusal to allow any food or other life-saving aid into the territory.”

She said: “Our colleagues, partners and the women and girls we work with in Gaza tell us that the food situation is already utterly catastrophic and that even finding one meal a day is increasingly difficult.”

Thousands of children are being treated for acute malnutrition. At least 57 people have reportedly starved to death since the total blockade started. The Palestinian Authority has already declared the strip to be in famine.

Lina*, a mother in Gaza, described the lack of food in Gaza and the desperate coping mechanisms she and other families are forced to rely on to survive.

She said: “I can only describe the condition we live in as famine. Our pantry supplies and tinned foods are running out. Community kitchens have stopped operating. It breaks your heart when a child asks for a piece of fruit, and you can’t give them something as simple as a banana or an orange.

“With the food shortages, especially flour, we heavily rely on pasta; we soak it in water, we then drain and mix it the following day with a small amount of flour. That’s our way of trying to stretch the little flour we have left. 

“We survive on one meal a day. Each family member gets one pitta bread, which they can eat whenever they choose, we usually save it for lunch. We’d have some biscuits and tea in the morning. Our main meal is lunch, usually pasta or rice, but even those are becoming harder to find. Either they’re unavailable, or they’re too expensive.”

Samira*, a mother in Gaza, said:

“Nutritious food is simply not available. Eggs, dairy, and fruit are extremely scarce. Fish is available, but it’s so expensive that most people can’t afford it. As for chicken and meat, they’ve been unavailable since the crossing was closed.

“We try to find substitutes for missing nutrients, but there are some foods you simply cannot replace. Many children are now visibly suffering from malnutrition.”

Leen* is nine months pregnant and suffering from malnutrition and anaemia.

She said: “When I first had a craving while pregnant, fruit was available, but the prices were very high, to the point that I bought one apple for 15 shekels.

 “Now, my worst nightmare is that I give birth and the crossings are closed.

“I have malnutrition so during pregnancy I am supposed to eat a lot of things. Unfortunately there is nothing, neither fruit, nor protein, nor milk, nor eggs, nor cheese. All of these things affect me, and I am very afraid that this will affect the baby.”

Mariam*, a child in Gaza, said:

“As children we miss all the foods, like meat, chicken, steak, and all these foods and hamburgers. I personally love grape leaves very much but my mother cannot get it for me because a kilo costs 90 [shekels].”

Ms Balfe said:

“There is nothing inevitable about this crisis: the Israeli authorities could decide right now to open up the borders and let the life-saving aid that is ready and waiting to be delivered in. The international community must wake up to the severity of the situation and do everything in its power to pressure them to do so. We need urgent action to stop any more people starving to death, and a permanent end to the war, now – the alternative is unthinkable.”

Read more about our work here.

Protesters holding End Fossil Fuels banner at a climate demonstration, advocating for renewable energy solutions.

Protestors at COP 28 in Dubai. Photo: Konrad Skotnicki.

Climate protest with diverse crowd holding signs about environmental action in a city square.

Belfast Climate Change March, 2019. Photo: Trócaire.

The Profit Driving the Crisis

Despite their overwhelming contribution to global emissions, fossil fuel companies continue to attract significant financial backing—driven by their enduring profitability. This is starkly illustrated by the case of ExxonMobil, the top fossil fuel investment held by asset managers based in Ireland. In 2023, ExxonMobil reported €33.63 billion ($36 billion) in profit. That is almost twice the GDP of Botswana (€18.1 billion) and nearly three times Namibia’s GDP (€11.5 billion).

Ireland plays a hugely disproportionate role in facilitating investments into fossil fuel companies like ExxonMobil. In 2023, the investments made into fossil fuel companies by investment managers based in Ireland generated an estimated 72.5 million tons of CO2e. This is more than the CO2e emissions for the entire country of Ireland—and more than ten times that generated by Sierra Leone.

The Global Human Impact

The climate crisis is here, now, and it is causing disproportionate harm in the Global South. In Bangladesh, rising sea levels and increasingly severe cyclones are displacing coastal communities, with projections indicating that 17% of the entire country could be underwater by 2050. The legally binding Paris Agreement on climate change explicitly acknowledges the importance of tackling private finance. Its three overarching goals are: keeping below 1.5C of warming; increasing adaptation and making finance flows consistent with low emissions and resilience.

This gives a clear mandate for action:  both tax reform and corporate regulation are needed to tackle financial flows, and both nationally in Ireland and at EU level, ‘polluter pays’ taxes are lacking and regulation of the financial sector remains weak and fragmented. While EU regulation exists, it is designed more to nudge investors toward more sustainable investment practices by increasing transparency and reporting levels than to enforce strict standards. And it is moving in the wrong direction: the recently passed EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive excluded investments; and now the EU Commission’s Omnibus legislative proposal threatens to undo the limited gains made on climate plans, as well as blocking future attempts for stronger action at national level.

The Risk of Inaction

Fossil fuel investment is too profitable to remain weakly regulated. If Ireland continues with its current strategy of encouraging FDI at all costs, and relying on weak EU regulation, we are headed for catastrophe. The Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change has repeatedly warned that every fraction of a degree beyond 1.5°C brings irreversible consequences: collapsed ice sheets, vanishing coral reefs, and extreme weather events that will make vast regions of the planet uninhabitable. And yet, companies are developing oil and gas fields that could push global warming beyond 2°C.

Our research found that 91% of the investments made into fossil fuel companies by investment managers based in Ireland were to companies that have plans for fossil fuel expansion like these. Ireland cannot afford inaction on this issue.

About This Research

The figures in this report regarding investment from Ireland are based on new research commissioned by ActionAid Ireland and Trócaire. In the paper, we uncover the scale of fossil fuel investment through Ireland, who the investors are, and in which fossil fuel companies they are investing.  We analyse the current regulatory framework and explain why it is inadequate—and moving in the wrong direction. And we make specific recommendations for change, which are summarised below.

Summary of Recommendations

Regulate the private financial sector
Ireland must end its outsized role as an enabler of destructive fossil fuel investment. Ireland should introduce a strong gender-responsive national human rights and environmental due diligence framework which includes the regulation of investors with respect to human rights and the environment and climate. The transposition of the EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive could achieve this if downstream activities are included and the Omnibus proposal is rejected. Ireland should prohibit investments in fossil fuel expansion and require investors to implement climate transition plans consistent with a 1.5°C climate limit.

Endorse the Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty
Ireland should endorse developing a Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty to curb fossil fuel expansion and commit to a fair and funded phase out of fossil fuels.

Support tax justice
Ireland should support bold and fair new global tax rules through the UN Framework Convention on Tax, should adopt all OECD BEPS measures, and should conduct an updated and comprehensive spillover analysis of its tax policy. Ireland should take coordinated action globally, at the EU level and domestically to introduce a range of new taxes to mobilise finance needed for climate justice, based on ‘polluter pays’ and social equity principles such as wealth taxes for the highest earners, climate damages tax on investors, fossil fuel production taxes and levies on aviation and shipping.

Finance a just transition
Ireland must also meet its fair share climate finance obligations under Article 9.1 of the Paris Agreement, and pay our ecological debt to the Global South. Ireland should support conditionality-free debt cancellation for countries on the front lines of the climate crisis, commit to a new UN Framework Convention on Sovereign Debt, moving debt negotiations from the IMF to the UN, and to a debt workout mechanism that is fully representative and fair.

Further reading