ActionAid Ireland demands immediate end to Gaza blockade as humanitarian crisis intensifies and starvation looms

After a month of no humanitarian supplies entering Gaza, ActionAid Ireland is calling on states around the world to take immediate action to pressure the Israeli authorities to lift the appalling ban on aid and avert impending starvation.  

No food, water, medicines, shelter items or other essentials have been allowed into Gaza since the total blockade was announced on Sunday, March 2nd, in flagrant breach of international humanitarian law. Prices immediately soared, leaving people unable to afford food to eat, and now – one month later – food supplies are running out altogether.  

Karol Balfe, ActionAid Ireland CEO, said:

“It is totally inconceivable that, for an entire month now, not a single truck of desperately needed aid has been allowed into Gaza. We are on the brink of a complete catastrophe: as of today, bakeries across Gaza are unable to make bread – the staple of Palestinian families’ diets – due to a lack of flour. All the progress made during the first eight weeks of ceasefire when food was able to enter Gaza is being rapidly undone and now people are again at risk of starvation.”

Today, the Bakery Owners Association said all bakeries in Gaza had closed because they had no flour left, as well as shortages of diesel, depriving people of even the basic staple of bread.  
 
Without deliveries of medicines and other medical equipment, hospitals are struggling to treat patients injured in Israeli military airstrikes, which have already killed more than a thousand people since they resumed two weeks ago, adding to the total death toll of more than 50,000.

Amjad Al Shawa, director of the Palestinian NGOs Network (PNGO), an umbrella group of 30 Palestinian NGOs and ActionAid’s partner in Gaza, said:

“[The] Gaza strip is passing through the worst humanitarian conditions that [were] ever witnessed, due to the intensive Israeli airstrikes all over [the] Gaza Strip, its forceful displacement of more than 200,000 people in such very difficult conditions, and the Israeli blockade and denial of the entry of the basic supplies [such] as food, medicine [and] shelter items. “Every day we have tens of people who were killed, and hundreds injured. Hospitals are overwhelmed by the number of injured people who badly need medical treatment.

“The people of Gaza are totally dependent on humanitarian aid…We are warning that [in] the coming days, the bakeries which produce bread [and] community kitchens which produce meals will stop. [This] means Gaza will [go into] a new cycle of famine, starvation and thirst, which will be the worst that Gaza witnessed.

“This is the real time for the international community to intervene, to pressure Israel to respect international law, to reopen the crossings, to stop its attacks on Palestinian civilians. [To get] justice for the victims, protection for children, women and elders.”

Thousands of people are currently fleeing Rafah after a new forced displacement order was issued for almost the entire city, adding to the tens of thousands that have been displaced yet again in the last two weeks.

Leaving on foot with only what they can carry, they are being forced into ever more crowded areas where they have no hope of accessing the shelter or other essentials they need.  
 
Humanitarian workers in Gaza are doing everything they can to respond to the crisis yet they continue to face unacceptable danger while doing their jobs. ActionAid is utterly appalled by the egregious killing of 15 humanitarian workers in southern Gaza, including eight Palestinian Red Crescent paramedics, whose bodies were found in a mass grave: we demand justice and full accountability for those responsible. 

Ms Balfe said:

“It is horrifying that the Israeli authorities are continuing to flout their obligations under international humanitarian law with impunity, while atrocities take place in Gaza daily. The international community cannot allow this to go on any longer: all states must step up and do everything in their power to pressure the Israeli authorities to restart aid deliveries, and resume the ceasefire, now.” 

Protesters holding End Fossil Fuels banner at a climate demonstration, advocating for renewable energy solutions.

Protestors at COP 28 in Dubai. Photo: Konrad Skotnicki.

Climate protest with diverse crowd holding signs about environmental action in a city square.

Belfast Climate Change March, 2019. Photo: Trócaire.

The Profit Driving the Crisis

Despite their overwhelming contribution to global emissions, fossil fuel companies continue to attract significant financial backing—driven by their enduring profitability. This is starkly illustrated by the case of ExxonMobil, the top fossil fuel investment held by asset managers based in Ireland. In 2023, ExxonMobil reported €33.63 billion ($36 billion) in profit. That is almost twice the GDP of Botswana (€18.1 billion) and nearly three times Namibia’s GDP (€11.5 billion).

Ireland plays a hugely disproportionate role in facilitating investments into fossil fuel companies like ExxonMobil. In 2023, the investments made into fossil fuel companies by investment managers based in Ireland generated an estimated 72.5 million tons of CO2e. This is more than the CO2e emissions for the entire country of Ireland—and more than ten times that generated by Sierra Leone.

The Global Human Impact

The climate crisis is here, now, and it is causing disproportionate harm in the Global South. In Bangladesh, rising sea levels and increasingly severe cyclones are displacing coastal communities, with projections indicating that 17% of the entire country could be underwater by 2050. The legally binding Paris Agreement on climate change explicitly acknowledges the importance of tackling private finance. Its three overarching goals are: keeping below 1.5C of warming; increasing adaptation and making finance flows consistent with low emissions and resilience.

This gives a clear mandate for action:  both tax reform and corporate regulation are needed to tackle financial flows, and both nationally in Ireland and at EU level, ‘polluter pays’ taxes are lacking and regulation of the financial sector remains weak and fragmented. While EU regulation exists, it is designed more to nudge investors toward more sustainable investment practices by increasing transparency and reporting levels than to enforce strict standards. And it is moving in the wrong direction: the recently passed EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive excluded investments; and now the EU Commission’s Omnibus legislative proposal threatens to undo the limited gains made on climate plans, as well as blocking future attempts for stronger action at national level.

The Risk of Inaction

Fossil fuel investment is too profitable to remain weakly regulated. If Ireland continues with its current strategy of encouraging FDI at all costs, and relying on weak EU regulation, we are headed for catastrophe. The Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change has repeatedly warned that every fraction of a degree beyond 1.5°C brings irreversible consequences: collapsed ice sheets, vanishing coral reefs, and extreme weather events that will make vast regions of the planet uninhabitable. And yet, companies are developing oil and gas fields that could push global warming beyond 2°C.

Our research found that 91% of the investments made into fossil fuel companies by investment managers based in Ireland were to companies that have plans for fossil fuel expansion like these. Ireland cannot afford inaction on this issue.

About This Research

The figures in this report regarding investment from Ireland are based on new research commissioned by ActionAid Ireland and Trócaire. In the paper, we uncover the scale of fossil fuel investment through Ireland, who the investors are, and in which fossil fuel companies they are investing.  We analyse the current regulatory framework and explain why it is inadequate—and moving in the wrong direction. And we make specific recommendations for change, which are summarised below.

Summary of Recommendations

Regulate the private financial sector
Ireland must end its outsized role as an enabler of destructive fossil fuel investment. Ireland should introduce a strong gender-responsive national human rights and environmental due diligence framework which includes the regulation of investors with respect to human rights and the environment and climate. The transposition of the EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive could achieve this if downstream activities are included and the Omnibus proposal is rejected. Ireland should prohibit investments in fossil fuel expansion and require investors to implement climate transition plans consistent with a 1.5°C climate limit.

Endorse the Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty
Ireland should endorse developing a Fossil Fuel Non-Proliferation Treaty to curb fossil fuel expansion and commit to a fair and funded phase out of fossil fuels.

Support tax justice
Ireland should support bold and fair new global tax rules through the UN Framework Convention on Tax, should adopt all OECD BEPS measures, and should conduct an updated and comprehensive spillover analysis of its tax policy. Ireland should take coordinated action globally, at the EU level and domestically to introduce a range of new taxes to mobilise finance needed for climate justice, based on ‘polluter pays’ and social equity principles such as wealth taxes for the highest earners, climate damages tax on investors, fossil fuel production taxes and levies on aviation and shipping.

Finance a just transition
Ireland must also meet its fair share climate finance obligations under Article 9.1 of the Paris Agreement, and pay our ecological debt to the Global South. Ireland should support conditionality-free debt cancellation for countries on the front lines of the climate crisis, commit to a new UN Framework Convention on Sovereign Debt, moving debt negotiations from the IMF to the UN, and to a debt workout mechanism that is fully representative and fair.

Further reading